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Alonso Sala

CRIMINAL LAWYERS
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Legal Analysis

Pre-Constituted Evidence: the Minor's Testimony

calendar_todayMarch 24, 2026

Last updated:

lightbulbKey Takeaways

  • check_circleMandatory for under-14s
  • check_circleGesell chamber
  • check_circleThe defence can ask questions
  • check_circleCan be challenged

Pre-constituted evidence is decisive in trials for sexual offences against minors. As specialist criminal lawyers, we explain how it works and how to challenge it.

Concept

The early recording of the minor's testimony to avoid secondary victimisation. Mandatory since Organic Law 8/2021 for minors under 14.

Procedure

The judge orders the interview → a specialist psychologist → the Gesell chamber → the defence proposes questions → the recording is made in full → it is played at trial.

Challenging It

Leading questions, contamination by third parties, lack of cross-examination, technical defects, a psychologist who is not a specialist.

Does your case involve pre-constituted evidence?

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