Blog category
Fraud & Scams
18 articles on fraud & scams: penalties, case law and defence strategy. See the practice area →
Accused of Fraud in Spain: What to Do
You have been reported for fraud: what to do, when a failed business deal or a non-payment is a crime (Art. 248 CP), the line with a civil breach of contract, and how a dismissal is achieved.
Insurance Fraud in Spain: When a Faked Claim Is a Crime
Faking or inflating a claim to collect an indemnity is fraud under Art. 248 CP: sentencing, Art. 250 aggravations, attempt, Art. 457 CP and defence.
Summoned by the Cybercrime Unit: Your First Statement as a Suspect
Being summoned by Spain's cybercrime units over an online scam does not make you guilty. What it means, your rights (Art. 118 LECrim) and why the first statement decides almost everything.
Computer Fraud in Spain (Art. 249.1.a CP): What It Is and How to Defend It
Computer fraud (Art. 249.1.a CP) punishes a non-consented transfer obtained through computer manipulation: phishing, banking malware, CEO fraud and SIM swapping.
Pyramid Schemes and Ponzi Fraud in Spain: How the Criminal Code Punishes Them
Pyramid schemes and Ponzi frauds are prosecuted in Spain as fraud under Articles 248 to 250 CP. Here are the offence, the sentences and the defence.
Article 251 Spanish Criminal Code: Improper Fraud (2026)
What improper fraud under Article 251 of the Spanish Criminal Code is: disposing of another's property, double sales, concealed charges and simulated contracts, punished with 1 to 4 years in prison.
What Sentence Does Fraud Carry if You Have No Criminal Record?
Basic fraud (art. 249 CP): 6 months to 3 years in prison. With no priors and a suspended sentence (art. 80 CP), a first conviction may avoid prison.
CEO Fraud: the Urgent-Transfer Scam in Spain (2026)
CEO fraud or business email compromise: what it is, how it is classified as fraud under Spanish criminal law, which other offences concur and how the…
Pig Butchering: the Romance and Crypto Investment Scam (2026)
Pig butchering: the scam that combines a fictitious emotional relationship with a fake cryptocurrency investment.
SIM Swapping: the SIM Card Duplicate Fraud in Spain (2026)
SIM swapping: how fraudsters obtain a duplicate of your SIM card to empty bank accounts, which offences it involves and the possible liability of the…
Article 248 Spanish Criminal Code: The Offence of Fraud (2026)
Article 248 of the Spanish Criminal Code: what fraud is, the requirement of sufficient deceit, computer fraud (249.1.a)) and the penalties (minor offence…
Article 250 Spanish Criminal Code: Aggravated Fraud (2026)
Article 250 of the Spanish Criminal Code: the grounds for aggravated fraud (housing, special gravity, value above 50,000 euros, abuse of personal…
Procedural Fraud in Spain: Deceiving the Court (Legal Guide 2026)
What is procedural fraud? We explain Art. 250.1.7 CP: deceiving the judge with false evidence, manipulated documents and fraudulent claims.
How to Defend Yourself Against Fraud Charges: Complete Guide
How to defend yourself against fraud charges: complete guide covering common scenarios, evidence, and defence strategies.
Fraud vs Breach of Contract in Spain: When Is It Criminal?
Not every unpaid debt is fraud. Learn the difference between civil breach and criminal fraud under Spanish law.
I've Been Scammed: What Do I Do? Step-by-Step Legal Guide 2026
You've been scammed. Now what? Step-by-step legal guide: report to police, preserve evidence, hire a lawyer, and file criminal charges.
Pyramid and Multi-Level Schemes: A Guide to Recovering Your Money
We analyse how pyramid schemes and unlawful multi-level businesses operate. The legal steps to report them and strategies to recover the investment.
Anatomy of Fraud 2026: From the Con Trick to the Crypto Ponzi Scheme
An exhaustive analysis of the offence of fraud (Art. 248 CP). We break down the new types of online fraud, romance scams and how to recover the money defrauded.
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