Blog category
Fraud & Scams
11 articles on fraud & scams: penalties, case law and defense strategy. See the practice area →
Summoned by the Cybercrime Unit: Your First Statement as a Suspect
Being summoned by Spain's cybercrime units over an online scam does not make you guilty. What it means, your rights (Art. 118 LECrim) and why the first statement decides almost everything.
Computer Fraud in Spain (Art. 249.1.a CP): What It Is and How to Defend It
Computer fraud (Art. 249.1.a CP) punishes a non-consented transfer obtained through computer manipulation: phishing, banking malware, CEO fraud and SIM swapping.
Pyramid Schemes and Ponzi Fraud in Spain: How the Criminal Code Punishes Them
Pyramid schemes and Ponzi frauds are prosecuted in Spain as fraud under Articles 248 to 250 CP. Here are the offence, the sentences and the defence.
What Sentence Does Fraud Carry if You Have No Criminal Record?
Basic fraud (art. 249 CP): 6 months to 3 years in prison. With no priors and a suspended sentence (art. 80 CP), a first conviction may avoid prison.
Pig Butchering: the Romance and Crypto Investment Scam (2026)
Pig butchering: the scam that combines a fictitious emotional relationship with a fake cryptocurrency investment.
Procedural Fraud in Spain: Deceiving the Court (Legal Guide 2026)
What is procedural fraud? We explain Art. 250.1.7 CP: deceiving the judge with false evidence, manipulated documents and fraudulent claims.
How to Defend Yourself Against Fraud Charges: Complete Guide
How to defend yourself against fraud charges: complete guide covering common scenarios, evidence, and defence strategies.
Fraud vs Breach of Contract in Spain: When Is It Criminal?
Not every unpaid debt is fraud. Learn the difference between civil breach and criminal fraud under Spanish law.
I've Been Scammed: What Do I Do? Step-by-Step Legal Guide 2026
You've been scammed. Now what? Step-by-step legal guide: report to police, preserve evidence, hire a lawyer, and file criminal charges.
Pyramid and Multi-Level Schemes: A Guide to Recovering Your Money
We analyse how pyramid schemes and unlawful multi-level businesses operate. The legal steps to report them and strategies to recover the investment.
Anatomy of Fraud 2026: From the Con Trick to the Crypto Ponzi Scheme
An exhaustive analysis of the offence of fraud (Art. 248 CP). We break down the new types of online fraud, romance scams and how to recover the money defrauded.
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