Blog category
Corporate Crimes
11 articles on corporate crimes: penalties, case law and defense strategy. See the practice area →
Crimes in the Family Business in Spain: the Art. 268 CP Family Exemption
Art. 268 CP exempts property offences between close relatives from punishment, but in a family business it rarely resolves the case: where the company is the injured party the exemption does not apply, and the corporate offences of Arts. 290 to 294 CP fall outside it. Limits, characterisation, Art. 296 CP and lines of defence.
Denial of Shareholder Rights in Spain: Art. 293 CP Explained
Art. 293 CP punishes with a fine of six to twelve months the director who, without legal cause, denies or prevents a shareholder from exercising the rights of information, participation in management or control of company business, and pre-emptive subscription. Elements of the offence, boundaries with Arts. 290 to 294 CP and the director's defence.
Abusive Shareholder Resolutions: Article 291 of the Criminal Code
Article 291 CP punishes those who, abusing their majority, impose abusive resolutions to the detriment of the other shareholders and without any benefit to the company.
Obstructing Supervision or Inspection (Art. 294 CP)
What obstruction of inspection or supervisory activity is under Art. 294 CP: who is liable, in which regulated markets, the penalties, and how it is defended.
False Accounts: The Offence of Art. 290 of the Criminal Code
Article 290 CP punishes the director who falsifies the annual accounts or other company documents in a way capable of causing financial harm.
Article 252 Spanish Criminal Code: Unfair Administration (2026)
Article 252 of the Spanish Criminal Code: what unfair administration is, how it differs from misappropriation, who can commit it and the penalties, referred…
Organic Law 14/2022: Reformed Economic Crimes in Spain
Organic Law 14/2022 deeply reformed private corruption (Art. 286 bis CP), corruption in international transactions.
Criminal conviction for using trade secrets to launch a rival firm (arts. 278-280 CP)
Copying a former employer's client portfolio or confidential files to build a competing company is a criminal offence: what arts. 278-280 CP punish, and with what penalties.
Corporate Crimes: Unfaithful Management and False Accounting
When business management crosses the red line. We analyse the criminal liability of the de facto director and the consequences of cooking the annual accounts.
Deadlocked 50/50 Company in Spain: Criminal and Commercial Solutions
When two 50% shareholders cannot agree, the company is paralysed. We analyse the legal ways out: from judicial dissolution to a criminal complaint for…
Off-the-Books Accounting in Spain: How to Detect It and the Consequences
Double bookkeeping (off-the-books accounting) is a criminal time bomb. We analyse how it is detected, which offences it involves and the triple threat:…
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