Blog category
Life & Physical Integrity
20 articles on life & physical integrity: penalties, case law and defence strategy. See the practice area →
Article 141 of the Spanish Criminal Code: incitement, conspiracy and proposal to commit homicide or murder
As a rule the Spanish Criminal Code punishes acts that have been carried out. Article 141 CP is one of the listed exceptions: it moves criminal liability back to the preparatory stage and punishes incitement, conspiracy and proposal to commit homicide or murder with the penalty reduced by one or two degrees.
Accused of Assault After a Fight in Spain: What to Do
You have been reported for bodily harm after a fight: what to do, when it is a minor offence or an offence (Art. 147 CP), when self-defence applies, and what happens if both parties were injured.
Article 148 CP: Aggravated Bodily Harm · Weapons and Treachery (2026)
Art. 148 CP: when injuries under art. 147.1 are aggravated to imprisonment of 2 to 5 years for the use of weapons, cruelty or treachery, a victim under 14 or vulnerable, or for being or having been the perpetrator's partner — and why that aggravation is discretionary.
Article 139 Spanish Criminal Code: The Offence of Murder (2026)
Article 139 of the Spanish Criminal Code: murder and its four qualifying circumstances, the 15 to 25 year prison range, and the reviewable permanent imprisonment cases of Article 140.
Medical negligence resulting in death: reckless professional homicide in Spain (Art. 142 CP)
When a patient's death from malpractice is tried as reckless homicide under Art. 142 CP, how it is defended and how the family pursues a private prosecution.
Negligent Bodily Injury: Article 152 CP and the Line Between Gross and Less Serious Negligence
Injuring someone unintentionally can be a crime in Spain if there is gross negligence (Art. 152 CP). The penalty ranges from a fine to prison by injury severity.
Negligent Homicide in Spain (Art. 142 CP): Gross vs Less Serious, Prison or Fine
Causing another person's death through gross negligence carries 1 to 4 years in prison; less serious negligence carries only a fine. We explain where the line falls.
Medical Malpractice in Spain: Criminal Liability and Defence (2026)
Medical malpractice is only a crime when there is negligence: reckless homicide (Art. 142 CP) or reckless injury (Art. 152 CP). Penalties, disqualification and the practitioner's defence.
Article 147 Spanish Criminal Code: The Offence of Bodily Harm (2026)
Article 147 of the Spanish Criminal Code: what the offence of bodily harm is, the line between first aid and medical treatment, the aggravated types.
Professional Intrusion (Art. 403 CP) in Spain: Criminal Defence
Professional intrusion under Art. 403 CP punishes practising a profession without an official qualifying degree.
Fast-Track Trial for Assault: What to Expect & How to Prepare
Fast-track trial for assault in Spain: timeline, procedure, plea options, and how to prepare your defence.
Medical Malpractice Criminal Law in Spain: Complete Guide 2026
Medical malpractice under criminal law in Spain: types of negligence, when to file criminal charges, and expected compensation.
Medical Negligence: When to Sue and What Compensation to Claim
Have you suffered medical negligence? We explain when you can bring a claim, what evidence you need, what compensation you can claim and the deadlines for…
Minor Assault Trial: Practical Guide (2026)
Minor assault trial in Spain: what to expect, how to prepare, and strategies for both prosecution and defence.
Reviewable Permanent Imprisonment in Spain: Everything You Need to Know
Does life imprisonment exist in Spain? We analyse reviewable permanent imprisonment: when it applies, how long it really lasts, how the review works and…
Homicide vs Murder in Spain: Penalties and Defence 2026
The difference between homicide (Art. 138 CP) and murder (Art. 139 CP) can mean up to 10 more years in prison.
Assault & Bodily Harm: Complete Guide to Penalties & Defence
Assault and bodily harm in Spain: types of injuries, penalties by severity, aggravating factors, and defence strategies. Complete legal guide.
Art. 138 CP: Homicide in Spain · Penalties of 10-15 Years (2026 Guide)
We explore Art. 138 CP, the difference between intentional and negligent homicide, and the keys to an effective criminal defence.
Homicide and Murder: Differences, Penalties and Criminal Defence
We analyse the key differences between homicide and murder under the Spanish Criminal Code. When do treachery or cruelty apply?
The Offence of Bodily Harm: When a Fight Ends Up in Court
The line between a minor offence and a serious offence of bodily harm lies in 'medical or surgical treatment'.
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